Understanding Lipoedema: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

Lipoedema is a chronic condition that affects the distribution of fat in the body, primarily in the legs and sometimes in the arms. This condition is often misunderstood and misdiagnosed, leading to frustration for those affected. It can cause pain and make daily activities difficult. Let's delve into the details of lipoedema to gain a better understanding.

What Causes Lipoedema?

The exact cause of lipoedema is unknown, but it is believed to have a genetic component. Hormonal factors may also play a role in the development of this condition. Lipoedema primarily affects women, with symptoms often appearing or worsening during hormonal changes such as puberty, pregnancy, or menopause.

What Are the Symptoms of Lipoedema?

Individuals with lipoedema may experience symmetrical swelling in the legs, hips, and sometimes arms. The affected areas may feel heavy or achy, and the skin may appear dimpled or have a "mattress-like" texture. It doesn’t affect the hands or feet. People sometimes confuse lipoedema with being overweight. Many individuals with lipoedema have a body mass index (BMI) higher than 35. Unlike regular weight gain, lipoedema fat is resistant to diet and exercise.

Types of Lipoedema

You may have more than one type of lipoedema at a time, depending on where your symptoms appear. Types include:

• Type I: Fat is located between your belly button and hips.
• Type II: Fat is between your pelvis and knees.
• Type III: Fat is between your pelvis and ankles.
• Type IV: Fat is between your shoulders and wrists.
• Type V: Fat is between your knees and ankles.

Common Symptoms

• Fat buildup in the buttocks, thighs, calves, and sometimes upper arms (symmetrically)
• Firm nodules under the skin that feel like lumps inside the fat
• Pain ranging from mild to severe, either constant or pressure-induced
• Heaviness in the legs
• Swelling
• Skin that bruises easily
• Fatigue and persistent tiredness

How Is Lipoedema Treated?

While there is no cure for lipoedema, various treatments can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life. These include:

• Wearing compression garments
• Manual lymphatic drainage (specialized massage)
• Regular exercise
• A healthy diet to maintain a stable weight
• Liposuction (in some cases)

It’s important to seek diagnosis and care from a healthcare professional who is experienced in treating lipoedema. Early intervention can help reduce symptoms and prevent complications.

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